Landed Cost Types

Landed Cost Types define how landed costs are calculated for relevant stock items. Each type includes a code and description to help you recognise it when you use it in Opera. You also define a calculation method for each type; used to calculate the landed cost for a transaction. Up to four Landed Cost Types can be assigned to each item.

After you have created these types you need to allocate one or more of them to each stock item for which landed costs need to be calculated. This is done from the Stock Control - Processing - Landed Costs form.

Box	Description
Code & Description	A reference and description to identify the Landed Cost Type in Opera. The code must be unique. Use a code that represents the type of landed cost you are setting up. For example 'TRA' for air transport costs, 'TRS' for sea transport costs, and 'TRR' for road transport costs. Also, if you use Landed Costs Groups, use a group code that is similar, for example 'TR' for transport.
Group	If you have set up Landed Cost Groups, you must link one to this Landed Cost Type. Linking Landed Cost Types to groups allows you to view summary landed costs on the Landed Costs Report for different types of costs. For example, you may set up different Landed Cost Types for each type of freight costs you incur - road, sea and air - and then link them to a Landed Cost Group for 'freight'. You can then view these costs grouped together in Opera.
Calculation Method	There are three methods that can be used to calculate landed costs. The Value or % box is enabled so you can enter the default value or percentage for the Landed Cost Type. However, you do not have to enter a default value or percentage; you can leave the box empty and override the landed cost settings when you post transactions. These are the calculation methods: Fixed Value per Unit Item - the default value for this landed cost type. Select this if the landed cost is always the same price per stock item. Then enter a default cost in the Value box. Example ... Landed Cost of £99 per unit You import ten bicycles. The unit cost of each bicycle is £500 and each attracts an import duty of £99. The total cost including landed cost is therefore (£500 * 10) + (£99 * 10) = £5999. % of Line Cost Value - the default landed cost percentage for this landed cost type. Select this if the landed cost changes according to the cost price paid for the items. Then enter a default percentage cost in the Percentage box. Example ... Landed Cost of 9% per unit You import nine bicycles. The unit cost of each bicycle is £500 and each attracts an import duty of 10% of the unit cost. The total landed cost is therefore (9 * £500 * 10%) = £450. The total cost including the unit cost and the landed cost = £4950. Aggregated Cost (%) - the default aggregated cost percentage for this landed cost type. Some landed costs, such as import duty and anti-dumping duty, are charged in addition to other landed costs. They are calculated as a percentage of both the cost of the item plus other relevant landed costs. Select this if the landed cost is calculated as a percentage of the sum of the unit cost plus other landed costs. Then enter a default percentage cost in the Percentage box. Examples ... Example 1: (Import duty of 14%) You import a bicycle. It costs £500 and attracts both shipping costs (£33) and insurance (£5). The cost of the bicycle including these charges is £538. Import duty of 14% must be charged on this aggregated cost - £538 * 14% = £75.32. The total landed cost is therefore £113.32 (£33 + £5 + £75.32) and the total cost is therefore £500 + £113.32 = £613.32. Example 2: (Import duty of 14% + Anti-dumping duty of 16%) You import a bicycle. It costs £500 and attracts both shipping costs (£33) and insurance (£5). The cost of the bicycle including these charges is £538. Import duty of 14% and anti-dumping duty of 16% must be charged on this aggregated cost - £538 * (14%+16%) = £161.40. The total landed cost is therefore £199.40 (£33 + £5 + £161.40) and the total cost is therefore £500 + £199.40 = £699.40. (You can assign only one aggregated Landed Cost Type to each stock item so you would need to combine the Import duty of 14% + Anti-dumping duty of 16% in this example into one cost type at 30%). Important: You cannot change the calculation method after it has been applied to a stock item on the Stock Control - Processing - Landed Costs form.
Landed Costs in Nominal Ledger Account	A code that identifies the default Nominal Ledger landed costs account for received stock items. This reference should be defined as a Profit and Loss type account. This is the hierarchy that is used for the Landed Costs In account before it is used to update the Nominal Ledger: If the Landed Cost Type that is linked to a stock item includes a Landed Costs In account, that account is used. If the Landed Costs Group that is linked to a Landed Cost Type includes a Landed Costs In account, that account is used. If neither the Landed Costs Group nor the Landed Cost Type for a stock item includes a Landed Costs In account, the default account on the Nominal Ledger - Utilities - Set Options form is used. This is only enabled if Stock Control is linked to the Nominal Ledger. This is controlled by an option on the System - Maintenance - Company Profiles form.

Box

Description

Code & Description

A reference and description to identify the Landed Cost Type in Opera. The code must be unique.

Use a code that represents the type of landed cost you are setting up. For example 'TRA' for air transport costs, 'TRS' for sea transport costs, and 'TRR' for road transport costs. Also, if you use Landed Costs Groups, use a group code that is similar, for example 'TR' for transport.

Group

If you have set up Landed Cost Groups, you must link one to this Landed Cost Type. Linking Landed Cost Types to groups allows you to view summary landed costs on the Landed Costs Report for different types of costs. For example, you may set up different Landed Cost Types for each type of freight costs you incur - road, sea and air - and then link them to a Landed Cost Group for 'freight'. You can then view these costs grouped together in Opera.

Calculation Method

There are three methods that can be used to calculate landed costs. The Value or % box is enabled so you can enter the default value or percentage for the Landed Cost Type. However, you do not have to enter a default value or percentage; you can leave the box empty and override the landed cost settings when you post transactions.

These are the calculation methods:

Fixed Value per Unit Item - the default value for this landed cost type. Select this if the landed cost is always the same price per stock item. Then enter a default cost in the Value box. Example ...

Landed Cost of £99 per unit

You import ten bicycles. The unit cost of each bicycle is £500 and each attracts an import duty of £99. The total cost including landed cost is therefore (£500 * 10) + (£99 * 10) = £5999.
% of Line Cost Value - the default landed cost percentage for this landed cost type. Select this if the landed cost changes according to the cost price paid for the items. Then enter a default percentage cost in the Percentage box. Example ...

Landed Cost of 9% per unit

You import nine bicycles. The unit cost of each bicycle is £500 and each attracts an import duty of 10% of the unit cost. The total landed cost is therefore (9 * £500 * 10%) = £450. The total cost including the unit cost and the landed cost = £4950.
Aggregated Cost (%) - the default aggregated cost percentage for this landed cost type. Some landed costs, such as import duty and anti-dumping duty, are charged in addition to other landed costs. They are calculated as a percentage of both the cost of the item plus other relevant landed costs. Select this if the landed cost is calculated as a percentage of the sum of the unit cost plus other landed costs. Then enter a default percentage cost in the Percentage box. Examples ...

Example 1: (Import duty of 14%)

You import a bicycle. It costs £500 and attracts both shipping costs (£33) and insurance (£5). The cost of the bicycle including these charges is £538. Import duty of 14% must be charged on this aggregated cost - £538 * 14% = £75.32.

The total landed cost is therefore £113.32 (£33 + £5 + £75.32) and the total cost is therefore £500 + £113.32 = £613.32.

Example 2: (Import duty of 14% + Anti-dumping duty of 16%)

You import a bicycle. It costs £500 and attracts both shipping costs (£33) and insurance (£5). The cost of the bicycle including these charges is £538. Import duty of 14% and anti-dumping duty of 16% must be charged on this aggregated cost - £538 * (14%+16%) = £161.40.

The total landed cost is therefore £199.40 (£33 + £5 + £161.40) and the total cost is therefore £500 + £199.40 = £699.40. (You can assign only one aggregated Landed Cost Type to each stock item so you would need to combine the Import duty of 14% + Anti-dumping duty of 16% in this example into one cost type at 30%).

Important: You cannot change the calculation method after it has been applied to a stock item on the Stock Control - Processing - Landed Costs form.

Landed Costs in Nominal Ledger Account

A code that identifies the default Nominal Ledger landed costs account for received stock items. This reference should be defined as a Profit and Loss type account.

This is the hierarchy that is used for the Landed Costs In account before it is used to update the Nominal Ledger:

If the Landed Cost Type that is linked to a stock item includes a Landed Costs In account, that account is used.
If the Landed Costs Group that is linked to a Landed Cost Type includes a Landed Costs In account, that account is used.
If neither the Landed Costs Group nor the Landed Cost Type for a stock item includes a Landed Costs In account, the default account on the Nominal Ledger - Utilities - Set Options form is used.

This is only enabled if Stock Control is linked to the Nominal Ledger. This is controlled by an option on the System - Maintenance - Company Profiles form.